{"id":13597,"date":"2026-04-01T14:48:05","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T14:48:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sjjsolutions.com\/?post_type=resources&#038;p=13597"},"modified":"2026-04-01T14:54:58","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T14:54:58","slug":"the-effect-of-syringe-design-and-cannula-dimensions-on-time-force-curve-in-intravitreal-injection-across-different-drug-viscosities-area-under-the-curve-and-peak-injection-force","status":"publish","type":"resources","link":"https:\/\/sjjsolutions.com\/es\/resources\/the-effect-of-syringe-design-and-cannula-dimensions-on-time-force-curve-in-intravitreal-injection-across-different-drug-viscosities-area-under-the-curve-and-peak-injection-force\/","title":{"rendered":"The effect of syringe design and cannula dimensions on time-force curve in intravitreal injection across different drug viscosities: area under the curve and peak injection force"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Background<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>New intravitreal medications can offer longer treatment duration by using higher drug concentrations, which, in turn, increase viscosity. There is also a trend toward having smaller-gauge cannulas, which require a higher injection force. While the ophthalmologist cannot control viscosity, the choice of syringe may affect the force needed to administer the drug. This study compared two standard 1-ml syringes (BD Plastipak<sup>\u2122<\/sup>&nbsp;and Braun Injekt<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>-F) with a syringe featuring a reduced plunger diameter (Zero Residual<sup>\u2122<\/sup>&nbsp;0\u00b72\u2009mL silicone oil-free syringe) for injecting a variety of fluids with viscosity that mimics commonly used intravitreal formulations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Methods<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Injection force over time was measured for each combination of the three syringes, four fluids, and two cannulas (30\u2009G and 33\u2009G), and the results were compared using a two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey\u2019s post-hoc test. Plungers of the 1ml syringes had a diameter of approximately 4.70mm, while the smaller syringe had a plunger diameter of 2.48mm. Of the 1ml syringes, one was silicone oil lubricated (BD Plastipak\u2122). The tested fluids were chosen to simulate bevacizumab (Balanced Salt Solution), pegcetacoplan (13.8\u2009mg\/0.1\u2009ml of PEG-40,000), a high-viscosity solution (40\u2009mg\/0.1\u2009ml of PEG-400), and a very high-viscosity solution (Tween 80 diluted with BSS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Results<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Zero Residual syringe required significantly lower injection forces, as quantified by both the area under the curve (AUC) and peak force. These effects became more pronounced when using smaller-diameter cannulas and increasingly viscous fluids. The BD Plastipak needed lower forces than the Braun Injekt-F.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>While silicone-oil lubrication reduced injection force, its effect was modest compared with that of plunger diameter, which was the primary determinant of the injection force required for a given viscosity and cannula diameter.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":11666,"parent":0,"template":"","tags":[15],"class_list":["post-13597","resources","type-resources","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-publication"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sjjsolutions.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources\/13597","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sjjsolutions.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resources"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sjjsolutions.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/resources"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sjjsolutions.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11666"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sjjsolutions.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sjjsolutions.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}